And albert ball



J. ESSEX & A. BALL. J. W. ESSEX, Administrator of J. ESSEX, Decd.

BOBBIN OR GOP TUBE.

1/34, Patented May 17, 1887 M w W N. PETERS Fmo-Lmm hw, Washmghm. no

llrvi'rnn STATES JEREMIAH ESSEX, OF BENNINGTON, VERMONT, AND ALBERT arena l l llfiltio BALL, or

CLAREMONT, NEWV HAMPSHIRE; JOHN WV. ESSEX ADMINISTRATOR OF SAID JEREMIAH ESSEX, DECEASED.

BOBBIN OR GDP-TUBE.

SPECIFICATION farming part of'Letters Patent N0. 363,323, dated May 17, 1887. Application filed November 8, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JEREMIAH ESSEX, of Bennington, in the county of Bennington and State of Vermont, and ALBERT BALL, of

Glareinont, in the county of Sullivan and State of New Hampshire, have invented a new andv Improved Bobbin or Cop-Tube; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, reference being to had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The invention, which is hereinafter more fully described, is an improvement in bobbins, particularly adapted for use as shuttlebobbins; and it consists in the employment of a bobbin composed of a rigid head, a flexible and elastic body rough on its outside and inside, and a metallic tip composed of a section of tubing with its upperportion forced back into the remaining portion, all as more fully hereinafter described and claimed.

The ad vantages of a bobbin thus constructed are that the rigid head gives it greater s0- lidity and firmness and holds it, and assists in preventing it from rising upon the spindle when filling with yarn, and the flexibility and elasticity of the body allow it to be placed upon a spindle, which is bent, and adapt it to fit equally'well the various sizes of spindles, and suflieiently close to hold itself in proper position upon the same; and the roughness on its interior assists in holding the bobbin against rising upon the spindle, and by the roughness on the exterior the cop is more se- 7 curely held upon the bobbin when handled for any purpose or in use in the shuttle,and

by the use of the metallic tip the smaller end of the body is protected in such a way as will preserve it'from fraying out or from undue 40 wear; and, further, it allows the yarn to unwind easier and without catching; and the advantages, further, of our improved bobbin are that it cannot warp, break, or split, as will bobbins made of wood.

The advantages of this bobbin will be more apparent from the defects which we now propose to point out as characteristics of other bobbins.

The principal defects in the wooden bobbins in common use are a tendency to warp ,orlget crooked, which results from a variety of well-knowncauses; also, a tendency to rise upon the spindle when the bobbin is filling with yarn; also, a liability to crack or split from accident or otherwise.

When the wooden bobbin is warped or crooked and is placed upon a straight spindle, there is a constant strain of the bobbin upon the spindle to bend it in the direction the bobbin. is crooked, and consequently the spindle 6 becomes more or less crooked. If such a warped or crooked bobbin is placed upon a bent spindle and an attempt is made to force it down into place, the body of the bobbin is apt to split, and if it does not split the bob- 6 bin will rise upon the spindle and break the thread.

If the spindle is not straight and the bobbin both straight and well-fitting, the bobbin has a tendency to rise on the spindle and 7 break the yarn. If the bobbin is too loose on the spindle, or either is crooked, the rotary motion of the bobbin is irregular or wabbling, which breaks the thread, requires more power toldrive, and bends the spindle out of a true 7 line. By reason of the internal smoothness of the wooden bobbins, particularly after a little use, they require to be pressed down quite firmly upon the spindles, or else be provided with appliances like springs or various 8o sorts of holders to keep them in position, which appliances add largely to the expense. The bodies of such bobbins must be made as thin as possible, so as not to overweight the driving-machinery; but if made thin enough 8 to have any degree of elasticity the danger of splitting them is increased.

The body of the wooden bobbin, if made smooth upon its outside, does not hold the cop securely upon it, and if made rough with protuberances, or with grooves or scores, is rendered either heavier or weaker, or both. Thus itis not well adapted, like the bobbin hereinafter described, having a tough, flexible, elasv tic, and somewhat rough body, for spindles which are more or less crooked and differ more or less in size as all spindles do. Moreover, the body of the wooden bobbin is liable A to crack and split by variousaccidents, as well as from reasons inherentto the material, which mo is not the case with the bobbins which are hereinafterdescribed.

To remedy the defects in the wooden bobbin various bobbins have been made wholly or partially of metal, and wholly and partially of various other hard, rigid, and smooth material; but all such bobbins have had other defects, greater in the whole than those of the wooden bobbins, and consequently have never displaced them. Bobbins have also been made.

with ordinary paper bodies; but such not having either the qualities of toughness, flexibility, elasticity, or roughness, are-not adapted to use in spindles of various sizes in the same frame, as they would split upon the larger spindles, would rise upon the smaller spindles, and would neither hold themselves upon the spindle by hugging it with an elastic grip nor hold the yarn upon them when in the shuttle, and would possess little durability.

Having thus explained, generally, the defects in other bobbins and some of the advantages of our improved bobbin, we will proceed to describe the improvement, having reference to the drawings accompanying this specification, and in which- 7 Figure'l is an elevation of a composite bobbin having a wooden head and a flexible body,

provided on its small end with a metallic tip;

Fig. 2, a central vertical section of the same with the body broken off near the head, and Fig. 3 a view in detail of the metallic tip which covers and protects the small end of the body of the bobbin.-

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

A denotes the head, of the usual conical form, B the body which conforms to the contour of the spindle, which is usually tapering, and b, a metal tip provided on the small end of said body. I V

The head A is constructed preferably of wood hollowed out in a conicalform corresponding to the outside, which may be scored, as shown, or made perfectly smooth throughout its entire length for the accommodation of the woven or braided material composing the body B. This body B is constructed of a .tough, flexible, elastic, and reasonably-rough material-such as thread, woven or braided, and cloth, leather, india-rubber, &c.formed into the proper shape and secured together by any means best adapted to the character of the material.

The metallic tip I), with which the body is v provided, is constructed out of a section of tubing of proper length and diameter, and having its upper portion forced back and into the remaining portion, so as to leave a space between the two parts, into which the small end of the bobbin enters and is thereclamped by suitable mechanical means, so that the metallic tip is firmly secured to such small end of the bobbin.

As shown in the drawings, the woven or braided material composing the body B covers only a portion of the head A,wh1ch at the point where the body commences may be coated with a gum to insure a more secure attachment of said body to the head. The body may, however, if desired, bewoven or braided over the entire length of the head, lIl which instance the said head is made smooth on its outer surface, and its interior made to correspond with the diameter of the body.

In using other material-such as herein named;the interior of the head is made to cor; respond with the diameter of the body, WhlOll extends through the entire length of the same, and is secured therein by a close fit or gumming, or by both, or by any other suitable means. 7 7

It is evident that the head need not be made of wood, but any suitable material will answer as well; and the body may be made of other material than that named, providing it is tough, flexible, elastic, and reasonably rough. t n

This bobbin is well adapted for all the purposes for which shuttle-bobbins are or may be used, and will be found to be especially suitable for ring-frame spinning, as it w ll not warp, and thus will not spring the spindles when placed upon them, as wooden bobbins when warped will do, causing both spindle in the center of the ring, thus making the tension upon the yarn and the traveler uneven, producing thin places in the yarn and breaking it, and wearing the spindles at the bolsters. The result of all the advantages is that with this improvement there is less waste of yarn, less power required in driving machinery, more durability of the bobbins, a less cost of manufacture, and a better and more uniform manufactured article.

Having thus described our invention and stated some of its advantages, what we claim as new therein is c 1. A metallic tip for a bobbin or cop-tube, composed of a section of tubing with its upper portion forced/back into the remaining portion, substantially as described.

2. A'bobbin or cop-tube composed of a rigid head, a flexible and elastic body rough on its outside and inside, and a metallic tip composed of a section of tubing with its upper portion forced back into the remaining portion, substantially as' described and shown.

This specification signcd'and witnessed this 2d day of June, 1879.

JEREMIAH Essex. ALBnnrBALL.

\Vitnesses:

J. DUNCAN UPHAM,

ARTHUR F. Nnvnns. 

